Liquid-fuel burner



De.zo,1927. 1,653,018

C. W. vMUMMERY LIQUID FUF1L BURNER Original Filed lay 16, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 20, 1927.l 1,653,018

y c. w. MUMMERY K LIQUID FUEL BURNER original Filed May 16, 1925 2' sheets-Sheer 2 [www/6024: ai@ //fawzmey By )LMU m Patenten nea y20, 1927. y

.4 UNI-TED STATES N 1,053,018 PATENT OFFICE..

CLYDE W. MUMMERY, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

original application inea nal-.r l0, 1925, serial no. 30,695. mviiea and this application mea April e, 1926. serial 110.100,061.

This invention relates to liquid fuel burners and has for its principal objects to prevent the accumulation of residue at or near the point where the fuel is fed to the vaporizer, and to prevent the injection of priming fuel when the burner is in operation.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the description is read in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view through the preferred form of burner together with a fragment of the stove and the feed pipes;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, showing the fuel control valve and the' relation between the main fuel supply pipe and the primer; and Fig. 4 is al1 elevation showing how the fuel control valve prevents priming of the burner while it is in operation.

The reference numerals 10 and 11 indicate the outer and inner combustion tubes respectively which are concentrically arranged and define between them a vapor space 12. At their lower ends the rtubes 10 and 11 are secured to a vaporizer 13 having therein' a trough 14 for the fuel to be vaporized. The bottom of the outer vapor tube is received within an annular recess 15 in the vaporizer, outside of the trough 14. The bottom of the inner combustion tube telescopes with a cylindrical portion 16 inside of the trough and adjacent to the top thereof. The tubes 10 and 11 are provided with the usual perforations 17 and 18 by which air is supplied to the vapor as it rises through the vapor space.

4,0 A cylindrical air drum 19 surrounds the outer combustion tube and is equipped at its upper end with an air drum cap 20 for diverting air inwardly adjacent to the upper end of the combustion tubes.

having a cyhndrical base 21 telescoping with the upper end of the air drum and a somewhat spherical flange 22 arching towards the discharge end of the vapor space. Four 5u lugs 23 depend from 'the cylindrical base 21 along the outside of the air drum. rIhese lugs are provided with threaded perforations at 24 to receive screws 25 which pass through the air drum, the outer combustion tube and rest against the outer wall of the In the y `4g; form shown, the air drum cap is a casting wickless burner.

inner combustion tube. These screws, therefore, not only secure the air drum cap to the al1' drum, but support,` the air drum on the outer combustion tube and maintain n the proper `spacing between the air drum y6o and the outer combustion tube and between the two combustion tubes.

A flame control ring 27 is supported above the annular vapor space 12, preferably from the air drum cap 20. In the present illustration this ring is cast and has a plurallty of radial arms 2.8V terminating in depending legs 29, the lower reduced ends 30 Y of which are received in appropriate perforatlons in the flange 22 of the air drum cap.

The vaporizer has a cylindrical bore 31 formed 1n a ring 32 supported from the trough or main body of the vaporizer by the stays 33. An air shaft 34 has its'lower end seated in the bore 31and extends upwardly concentric with and in spaced relation to the lnner 'combustion tube. This air shaft is preferably imperforate except for relief vents 35 that may be located adjacent to its upper end.

An air cap 36 closes the inner combustion tube and has a flange 37 closing the space between the inner combustion tube and the air shaft. Above this flange is a cylindrical portion 38 telescoping with the inner combustion tube and having an external shoulder 39 to rest on the top of that tube. Above the cylindrical portion the cap arches inwardly, as indicated at 40, and j oins' a lsubstantially cylindrical core section 41, which extends to or above the bottom of the llame control ring 27. The arched portion of the air cap is provided with an annular series of perforations 42 for feeding air into the flame and vapor adjacent to the discharge end of the vapor `space and below the llame control ring. 1

'Ihe features of construction here disclosed are most useful in connection with a In such a burner the fuel must be supplied in a continuous, though very thin stream. As this stream approaches the trough 14 of the vaporizer. it becomes heated and partial distillation and vaporization takes place. As a result there m5 is a tendency to throw down a residue of carbonaceous material which, accumulating at the delivery end of the supply passage, tends not only to obstruct the How, but to reduce the smooth continuity of the `stream.. il@

In the present construction, the va orizer is provided with an annularboss aving a tapered bore 56 which receives the delivery end of the supply pipe 57 and a tapered t ting 58 which is clam ed in place by the cap 59 threaded on the Iboss; The piping 57 does not extend to the end of the bore and the portion `adjacent to the trough is lined with a tube 60, preferably of brass and preel. I have discovered that a polished surface prevents the accumulation of residue within this passage. 4 I prefer to use brass because of its economy combined with its ability to take a good surface polish. It 'will, of course, be understood that a liner formed as a separate piece is not necessary where the metal of the burner will take the polish necessary. 4 v

The low grade fuel is supplied by a pipe 61 joined to the pipe 57 by the casing 62 of the control valve, which may have a stem 63 tapering to a needle point '64, as indicated particularly in Fig. 7. The starting or priming fuel is supplied by injecting it into a primer 65, which is ,connected with the plipe 57 by a passage 66, between the seat of t e control valve and the vaporizer.

It is articularly desirable to prevent high grade uel from being put in the primer while the burner is in operation, and to accomplish this I provide a primer with a closure that cannot be lopened with the control valve in operative position, .whether fully open or only slightly open. f

Referring to Fig. 4 it will be seen that the primer is vequipped with a hingedv lid 68, having a projection 69 of suiiicient length to strike the arm 70 of the handle 67 when the control valve is open. For convenience 'in operation the lid 68 is providedl with a thumb piece 71 on the left side to permit the primer to be o ned with the left hand while the container or the priming fuel is handled 'with the right hand.

A lug 72 projecting laterally from the primer 1s equipped with an adjusting screw 3, the point74 of which lies in the path of the arm 70 of the valve handle 67. This provides a readily adjustable limit for the openmgof the control valve.

' The primer 65 is provided with-a notch 80 in its upper surface which is not closed by the lid 68. Hence, during the operation of the burner this notch with the passage 66 serves to admit a small amount of air to the fuel supply ipe 57, and hence to the vaporizer and t e vaporized fuel rising there- `1n. should, of course, be varied ith the dimensions and relative proportion of the parts, 'and the exact amount 1n each cas will have to be determined by trial, but th lnting a polished surface to the stream ofy The quantity of air thus supplied e admission of a small amount of air in this way greatly improves the operation of theburner. As the air is admitted between the control valve and the burner it is not affected by the position of the former.

The vaporizer 13 is preferably made of aluminum and the massl is reduced to the minimum possible to correspondinglyreduce the quantity of British thermal units required to raise the temperature of the vaporizer to the point necessary to properly vaporize the fuel.

This is a divisional application of Serial No. 30,695 filed May 16, 1925, by this applicant.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a wickless liquid.v fuel burner, the combination of a vaporizer including a trough for the liquid fuel, means for supplying fuel to said trough including a passage, a valve for controlling the ow of fuel through said passage, a primer for starting fuel communicating with said passage, a closure for said primer, and means for reventing the movement of said closure w ile said valve is o ened.

2. In a wic less liquid fuel burner, the combination of a vaporizer having a trough for liquid fuel, means for supplying fuel to the trough including a passage, a valve for controlling the flow of fuel through said passage, a handle for operating said valve, a primer for priming fuel communicating with said passage, a closure for said primer, and means operated by the handle for said valve for preventing the movement of the closure while the valve is open.

3. In ak wickless liquid fuel burner, the combination of a vaporizer, means for supplying liquid fuel to the vaporizer including a passage, a valve for controlling the How of such fuel through said passage, a handle for operating the valve, a primer for prim-l A ing fuel communicating with the passage,

and 'a closure for the primer and a p0inter for indicating the position of the valve and preventing the opening of the closure when the valve is open.

4. vIn a wickless liquid fuel burner, the combination of a vaporizer including a trough for the liquid fuel, means for supplying fuel to said trough including a passage` a valve for controlling the fiow of fuel through said passage, a handle for operating the valve, a primer for starting fuel communicating with said passage between the valve and the trough, a hingedlid for the primer, and means carried by theY lid for engaging the handle when the valve is open,

whereby the introduction of priming fuel is.

prevented while the burner is in operation. In testimony whereof I afx my signature.

GLYDE wf MUMMERY. 

